Louis+Pasteur



=**Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) " The Father of Microbiology"**=

====Louis Pasteur was born on december 27, 1822 in Dole, France. At the Ecole Normale in Paris, France, Pasteur earned his Bachelor of Arts degree, Bachelor of Science degree and his doctorate. He then went and taught at Dijon Lycée. In 1848, Pasteur became a professor of chemistry at the University of Straussburg. In 1854, he was promoted to Dean of science faculty at the University of Lille.====

__**Pasteurization**__ ====Pasteur found that bacteria made beer,wine and milk sour. He invented a process to remove this bacteria called Pasteurization. Pasteurization is the process of exposing beer, wine yogurt, milk, etc. to an elevated temperature for a period of time sufficient to destroy certain microorganisms, as those that can produce disease or undesirable fermentation of food, without radically altering the taste of the food.==== 

**__Silkworm Industry__**
====In 1865, Pasteur proved that microbes were attacking silkworm eggs, causing the disease and he stated that the disease would be eliminated if the microbes were eliminated. A disease called pebrine was killing great numbers of silkworms. He worked several years to prove that a microbe that attacks silkworm eggs causes the disease. He showed that eliminating this germ in silkworm nurseries would wipe out the disease. His research into silkworm disease saved the silk industry in southern France. ====

**__First Vaccine Discovery__** ====In 1879, Pasteur discovered his first vaccine with chicken cholera. He used this research to develop vaccines for anthrax, cholera, TB, and smallpox. He was studying cholera by injecting chickens with the live bacteria and recording the fatal results of the illness. He had instructed an assistant to inject the chickens with the bacteria. The assistant did not remember. When the assistant returned a month later, he carried out Pasteur’s wishes. The chickens, while showing mild signs of the disease, survived. When they were healthy again, Pasteur injected them with fresh bacteria. The chickens did not become ill. Pasteur eventually reasoned the factor that made the bacteria less deadly was exposure to oxygen. ====

**__Rabies Vaccination Discovery__** ====On July 6 1885, Pasteur vaccinated Joseph Meister, 9 year old boy who had been bitten by a rabid dog, and the vaccine cured the boy of the disease (rabies). He began with 13 injections, one each day, of vaccine made from rabbit nervous system tissue. Each next injection contained a less strong virus. Meister never developed rabies, and the incident was a success.====



__**Distraction Sites**__ http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/511021/Emile-Roux http://www.britannica.com/quiz/46/faces-of-science- http://www.biography.com/people/groups/famous-inventors http://www.biography.com/people/paul-muni-9418148 http://wikilovesmonuments.us/?pk_campaign=Centralnotice

__**Works cited**__ http://www.biography.com/people/louis-pasteur-9434402 http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/445964/Louis-Pasteur http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/louis_pasteur.htm http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Pasteur.html