Joseph+Louis+Gay+Lussac

__** Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac **__ Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac was a French chemist  and physicist . He is known mostly for two laws  related to gases , and for his work on alcohol-water mixtures, which led to the degrees Gay-Lussac  used to measure alcoholic beverages in many countries.

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac was born at Saint-Leonard-de-Noblat in the department of Haute-Vienne. He lived through both the French and Chemical Revolutions. (1778-1850) For a while he was a good little privately tutored boy until his father was arrested due to Robespierre's Reign of Terror and his tutor fled town. He turned his life around from what seemed like the beginning of a badly written John Hughes film when he was selected to join Ecole Polytechnique, an institution of the French Revolution designed to create scientfic and technical leadership, especially for the military. It was here he was mentored under the likes of Pierre Simon de Laplace and Claude Louis Berthollet. His own career as a professor of physics and chemistry would begin here. Gay-Lussac eventually married Genevieve-Marie-Joseph Rojot in 1809 (which is pretty unfortunate given their long names together but I digress) Their love story started when he first met her when she worked as a linen draper's shop assistant and was studying a chemistry text book underneath the counter. They would later be the parents of five children, one of which named Jules who would go on to become the assistant to Justus Liebig in Giessen. Some of his publications would be mistaken for his father's which probably would have caused some tension in the whole "father son relationship." __** Achievements **__
 * __ Personal Life __**


 * 1802 - Gay-Lussac first formulated the law, Gay-Lussac's Law, stating that if the mass and pressure of a gas are held constant then gas volume increases linearly as the temperature rises. This is sometimes written as V = k T, where k is a constant dependent on the type, mass, and pressure of the gas and T is temperature on an absolute scale. (In terms of the ideal gas law , k = n R / P.)
 * 1804 - He and Jean-Baptiste Biot made a hot-air balloon ascent to a height of 6.4 kilometres in an early investigation of the Earth's atmosphere . He wanted to collect samples of the air at different heights to record differences in temperature and moisture.
 * 1805 - Together with his friend and scientific collaborator Alexander von Humboldt, he discovered that the composition of the atmosphere does not change with decreasing pressure (increasing altitude). They also discovered that water is formed by two parts of hydrogen and one part of oxygen (by volume).
 * 1808 - He was the co-discoverer of boron.
 * 1810 - In collaboration with Louis Thenard, he developed a method for quantitative elemental analysis by measuring the CO2 and O2 evolved by reaction with potassium chlorate.
 * <span style="font-family: Calibri,'Gill Sans','Trebuchet MS',sans-serif; font-size: medium;">1811 - Gay-Lussac recognized iodine as a new element, described its properties, and suggested the name //iode//. [1]
 * <span style="font-family: Calibri,'Gill Sans','Trebuchet MS',sans-serif; font-size: medium;">1824 - He developed an improved version of the burette that included a side arm, and coined the terms " pipette " and "burette" in an 1824 paper about the standardization of indigo solutions.
 * <span style="font-family: Calibri,Gill Sans,Trebuchet MS,sans-serif;">In <span style="color: #363c4a; font-family: Calibri,'Gill Sans','Trebuchet MS',sans-serif; font-size: medium; text-decoration: none;">Paris <span style="font-family: Calibri,Gill Sans,Trebuchet MS,sans-serif;">, a street and a hotel near the <span style="color: #363c4a; font-family: Calibri,'Gill Sans','Trebuchet MS',sans-serif; font-size: medium; text-decoration: none;">Sorbonne <span style="font-family: Calibri,Gill Sans,Trebuchet MS,sans-serif;"> are named after him as are a square and a street in his b[[image:mountchemmore/asset_upload_file954_36854_thumbnail.jpg width="275" height="319" align="right" caption="Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac and Jean-Baptiste Biot in their balloon on 24 August 1804. From Louis Figuier, Les Merveilles de la Science ( Paris, 1867–70)"]]irthplace, <span style="color: #363c4a; font-family: Calibri,'Gill Sans','Trebuchet MS',sans-serif; font-size: medium; text-decoration: none;">Saint-Léonard-de-Noblat <span style="font-family: Calibri,Gill Sans,Trebuchet MS,sans-serif;">. [[image:mountchemmore/Gay-Lussac_Signature.svg.png width="302" height="137" align="right"]]

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; text-decoration: inherit;">Gas Laws #1 - Charles's Law:
<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; text-decoration: inherit;">Gay-Lussac is attributed to two gas laws, but the one he is most known for was actually first done by another French scientist named Jacques Alexandre César Charles but was published first by Gay-Lussac. Most chemistry texts refer to this law as Charles's Law. Basically, it states that for a gas of constant pressure, changes in the volume will directly change the temperature.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; text-decoration: inherit;">Gas Law #2 - Law of Combining Volumes:
<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; text-decoration: inherit;">Gay-Lussac found that when you mixed hydrogen and oxygen, you got water. He further noticed the ratio of volumes of the two gases was integer differences. For every volume of oxygen, it took two of the same volume of hydrogen to complete the reaction. Further investigation found this true for many other gas reactions. The Law of Combining Volumes was formed from these observations.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; text-decoration: inherit;">Composition of Earth's Atmosphere:
<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; text-decoration: inherit;">Gay-Lussac used the new technology of ballooning to measure the composition of gases in the atmosphere at different altitudes. He found that the composition of gases did not change with altitude.





__** Distractions **__

[|Yes, I did spend 6:54 watching this] Does the series finale of Breaking Bad count? [] [|Idk how I got here but I regret it: Autobiography by Jessica Jernigan]

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